# Data dictionary: Candidates

The tables below define each of the attributes you may receive in your dataset -- column name and description.

## Basic information

| column name    | description                                                          |
| -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| election\_year | The year the race is occuring                                        |
| state          | The state in which the office has jurisdiction (postal abbreviation) |

## Office, District (Geography)

| column name            | description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| office\_id             | Ballotpedia unique identifier (stable across election years)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| office\_name           | Name of the office                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| office\_level          | <p>Level of government:</p><p>-Federal</p><p>-State</p><p>-Local</p>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| office\_branch         | <p>Branch of government:</p><p>-Executive</p><p>-Legislative</p><p>-Judicial</p>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| district\_id           | Ballotpedia unique identifier                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| district\_ocdid        | The[ Open Civic Data Division Identifiers](https://github.com/opencivicdata/ocd-division-ids) project seeks to assign somewhat predictable and globally unique identifiers to political divisions. This field is not uniformly filled due to data availability.                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| district\_name         | Name of district (geographical area) that elects the office.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| district\_type         | <p>Type of district that elects the office:</p><p>-Country</p><p>-State</p><p>-Congress</p><p>-State Legislative (Upper)</p><p>-State Legislative (Lower)</p><p>-County</p><p>-School District</p><p>-City-town</p><p>-Judicial District</p><p>-Special District</p><p>-State subdivision</p><p>-County subdivision</p><p>-Judicial district subdivision</p><p>-Special district subdivision</p><p>-City-town subdivision</p><p>-School district subdivision</p> |
| parent\_district\_id   | Ballotpedia unique identifier used to associate a "subdivision" district with its parent (not comprehensive). Example: "X City Council, District 1" and "X City Council, District 2" have a parent district of "X City".                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| parent\_district\_name | Name of parent district                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |

<br>

## Race

| column name              | description                                                                               |
| ------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| race\_id                 | Ballotpedia unique identifier                                                             |
| race\_type               | <p>One of the following:</p><p>-Regular</p><p>-Special</p><p>-Recall</p><p>-Retention</p> |
| seats\_up\_for\_election | The number of positions this race will fill in the office.                                |
| race\_url                | Link to the Ballotpedia overview page about this race/election.                           |

## Stage, Election Date

| column name                    | description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| ------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| election\_date\_id             | Ballotpedia unique identifier                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| election\_date                 | The date that the stage contest is scheduled to appear before voters.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| election\_date\_district\_type | Often linked to the State, provides additional detail about which geographical area might be having an election at this time.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| stage\_id                      | Ballotpedia unique identifier (stable across ranked-choice voting rounds, if applicable).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| stage                          | <p>One of the following:</p><p>-Convention</p><p>-Primary</p><p>-Primary Runoff</p><p>-General</p><p>-General Runoff</p>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| stage\_party                   | For partisan primaries, provides a political party name. Each partisan primary or primary runoff will have its own stage.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| is\_partisan\_primary          | true / false for Primary or Primary Runoff stages, where applicable. Otherwise NULL. This indicates whether candidates in the primary were limited by party (such as a traditional Republican or Democratic Party primary) or not (such as an open primary in California). More information here:[ https://ballotpedia.org/Primary\_election](https://ballotpedia.org/Primary_election) |
| stage\_is\_canceled            | true / false to indicate if the stage has been canceled                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| stage\_is\_ranked\_choice      | true / false to indicate if the stage is conducted by[ ranked-choice voting](https://ballotpedia.org/Ranked-choice_voting_\(RCV\))                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| stage\_write\_in\_other\_votes | Includes additional write-in votes for the stage (votes that are not associated with a particular candidate, but relevant to vote totals).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |

## Candidate

| column name                      |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| -------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| candidate\_id                    | Ballotpedia unique identifier                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| person\_id                       | Ballotpedia unique identifier                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| name                             | Full name of the candidate                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| first\_name                      | First name of the candidate                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| last\_name                       | Last name of the candidate                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| ballotpedia\_url                 | Link to the Ballotpedia profile about this candidate                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| gender                           | <p>One of the following, or NULL:</p><p>-Male</p><p>-Female</p><p>-Neither/Both (if the person explicitly identifies as neither or both of the above)</p>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| party\_affiliation               | <p>The political party affiliation that the candidate is running under (one or more). If the candidate is cross-filed in a primary, they will have a row for their participation in each party’s primary they are running in and this field will indicate that party. If they advanced to a general under more than one party, all those parties will be listed in this field.</p><p><br></p><p>Party affiliation for candidates in nonpartisan elections is listed as "Nonpartisan".</p>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| is\_incumbent                    | true / false to indicate whether the candidate held the office they are seeking at the time of announcing their candidacy. See further details for how Ballotpedia handles appointees and redistricting situations here:[ https://ballotpedia.org/Incumbent](https://ballotpedia.org/Incumbent)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| candidate\_status                | <p>-Candidacy Declared: announced a run for the office but has not yet qualified for the ballot</p><p><br></p><p>-On the Ballot: filing with election office is complete, and the election office has published the person as an official candidate</p><p><br></p><p>-Advanced: The candidate received the most votes (or was one of the top vote recipients in a race with more than one seat up for election) in this stage of the election (such as a primary) and is going on to further rounds (such as a general). Effectively, this indicates the winner of a stage when the full race is not yet complete. This also applies to RCV stages, where a candidate may advance from multiple rounds within a single stage.</p><p><br></p><p>-Won: The candidate received the most votes (or was one of the top vote recipients in a race with more than one seat up for election) and will assume office.</p><p><br></p><p>-Lost: The candidate did not advance to another stage (or RCV round) and/or did not garner enough votes to win the seat.</p><p><br></p><p>-Withdrew: The candidate withdrew from the election and will not appear on the ballot.</p><p><br></p><p>-Disqualified: The candidate was disqualified from the election and will not appear on the ballot.</p> |
| is\_write\_in                    | true / false to indicate if the candidate’s name was or will be printed on the ballot. Note that in some cases write-ins do file official paperwork and can thus have candidate\_status=On the ballot while is\_write\_in=true.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| is\_withdrawn\_still\_on\_ballot | true / false to capture scenarios where a candidate misses the official withdrawal deadline and will appear on the ballot despite announcing publicly their intent to withdraw                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| votes\_for                       | Number of votes received in favor of the candidate in this stage (and RCV round, if applicable)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| votes\_against                   | Number of votes against the candidate. Only applicable to Recalls, Retentions, and RCVs.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| delegates\_pledged               | Applicable to the general election for U.S. President                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| ranked\_choice\_voting\_round    | RCV results are reported in “rounds” of calculations. Ballotpedia reports each round of these results, so a candidate in an RCV stage will have a row for each round of calculation in that stage. The first round of results reported will be round "1". Rounds will count up by 1 until the final round.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |

## Contact information (add-on)

*Contact information is optional, available for an additional charge.*

Values are listed below. The "campaign" contact is the one used by the candidate's campaign. All other contacts were identified as belonging to the candidate for non-campaign purposes.

Values:

* campaign\_email
* other\_email
* campaign\_website
* personal\_website
* campaign\_facebook
* personal\_facebook
* campaign\_x
* personal\_x
* campaign\_tiktok
* personal\_tiktok
* campaign\_instagram
* personal\_instagram
* campaign\_youtube
* personal\_youtube
* campaign\_mailing\_address
* campaign\_phone
* linkedin
